sarcoma

Overview

Sarcoma is a type of cancer that can occur in various locations in your body.

Sarcoma is the general term for a broad group of cancers that begin in the bones and in the soft (also called connective) tissues (soft tissue sarcoma). Soft tissue sarcoma forms in the tissues that connect, support and surround other body structures. This includes muscle, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons and the lining of your joints.

There are more than 70 types of sarcoma. Treatment for sarcoma varies depending on sarcoma type, location and other factors.

Types

Angiosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

Desmoplastic small round cell tumors

Epithelioid sarcoma

Ewing sarcoma

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

Kaposi's sarcoma

Leiomyosarcoma

Liposarcoma

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors

Myxofibrosarcoma

Osteosarcoma

Pleomorphic sarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Soft tissue sarcoma

Solitary fibrous tumor

Synovial sarcoma

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of sarcoma include:

A lump that can be felt through the skin that may or may not be painful

Bone pain

A broken bone that happens unexpectedly, such as with a minor injury or no injury at all

Abdominal pain

Weight loss

Causes

It's not clear what causes most sarcomas.

In general, cancer forms when changes (mutations) happen in the DNA within cells. The DNA inside a cell is packaged into a large number of individual genes, each of which contains a set of instructions telling the cell what functions to perform, as well as how to grow and divide.

Mutations might tell cells to grow and divide uncontrollably and to continue living when normal cells would die. If this happens, the accumulating abnormal cells can form a tumor. Cells can break away and spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.

Risk factors

Factors that can increase the risk of sarcoma include:

Inherited syndromes

Some syndromes that increase the risk of cancer can be passed from parents to children. Examples of syndromes that increase the risk of sarcoma include familial retinoblastoma and neurofibromatosis type 1.

Radiation therapy for cancer

Radiation treatment for cancer increases the risk of developing a sarcoma later.

Chronic swelling (lymphedema)

Lymphedema is swelling caused by a backup of lymph fluid that occurs when the lymphatic system is blocked or damaged. It increases the risk of a type of sarcoma called angiosarcoma.

Exposure to chemicals

Certain chemicals, such as some industrial chemicals and herbicides, can increase the risk of sarcoma that affects the liver.

Exposure to viruses

The virus called human herpesvirus 8 can increase the risk of a type of sarcoma called Kaposi's sarcoma in people with weakened immune systems.

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Product Summary

Bleomycin is used to treat cancer. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells. It Used in the treatment of squamous cell cancers, melanoma, sarcoma, testicular and ovarian cancer.

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Bleomycin Injection Image Gallery

Bleomycin is used to treat cancer. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells. This medication may also be used to control the build-up of fluid around the lungs (pleural effusion) caused by tumors that have spread to the lungs.

Bleomycin Solution For Injection

How to use Bleomycin / Drug Interactions

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Dosing & Uses

Dosage Forms & Strengths powder for injection 15unit 30unit Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.25-0.5 unit/kg (10 to 20 unit/m²) IV/IM/SC q1-2Weeks

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Adverse Effects

>10% Mucocutaneous toxicity including rash, erythema, hyperpigmentation, urticaria (>50%) Febrile reactions, acute (25-50%)

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Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action Glycopeptide antibiotic; inhibits DNA, RNA, protein synthesis in G2, M phases Pharmacokinetics Half-Life: 2 hr

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